查看两个目录的结构
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| test_a/
└── test.txt
test_b/
├── test_b.txt
└── test.txt
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使用 diff 逐行比较
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| $ diff -aur test_a/ test_b/
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| Only in test_b/: test_b.txt
diff -aur test_a/test.txt test_b/test.txt
--- test_a/test.txt 2024-04-01 19:29:35.024777745 +0800
+++ test_b/test.txt 2024-04-01 19:36:22.759553212 +0800
@@ -1 +1 @@
-test_a
+test_b
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上面结果可以看到两个文件夹里相同文件名 test.txt 里的细节区别，而对于 test_b 文件夹里的 test_b.txt，只显示 Only in test_b/: test_b.txt
使用 -N 则可以同时打印新文件的内容
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| $ diff -Naur test_a/ test_b/
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| diff -Naur test_a/test_b.txt test_b/test_b.txt
--- test_a/test_b.txt 1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
+++ test_b/test_b.txt 2024-04-01 19:29:48.008986470 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+extra_test_b
diff -Naur test_a/test.txt test_b/test.txt
--- test_a/test.txt 2024-04-01 19:29:35.024777745 +0800
+++ test_b/test.txt 2024-04-01 19:36:22.759553212 +0800
@@ -1 +1 @@
-test_a
+test_b
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只显示有区别的文件名
使用 -q 可以快速显示有区别的文件名而非具体内容
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| $ diff -rq test_a/ test_b/
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| Only in test_b/: test_b.txt
Files test_a/test.txt and test_b/test.txt differ
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加上 -N
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| $ diff -Naurq test_a/ test_b/
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| Files test_a/test_b.txt and test_b/test_b.txt differ
Files test_a/test.txt and test_b/test.txt differ
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